Neivamyrmex leonardi (Wheeler)
Figures 30, 31, 41

      Eciton (Acamatus) leonardi Wheeler, 1915:392; o.
      Eciton (Acamatus) peninsulare Mann, 1926:98; o.
      Eciton (Neivamyrmex) leonardi: M. Smith, 1942:570; o. Creighton, 1950:72; o.
      Eciton (Neivamyrmex) peninsulare: Borgmeier, 1949:101; o.
      Neivamyrmex leonardi: Borgmeier, 1955:431-434; pl 25, fig. 6; o. Watkins, 1971:101?103; figs. 1-7; o. Wheeler and Wheeler, 1973:38; o. Watkins, 1976:13, 18: map 56; o. Cokendolpher and Francke, 1990:11.

      RANGE: Southern California, southern Nevada, and Lower California, east to Oklahoma, Texas and Tamaulipas.

      DESERT RECORDS. Map 10. Inyo Co.: 2 km ESE Furnace Creek Inn, DVNP, 26-28 March 1998 (P.W. Ward; BEMD); 9-mile Canyon, 3400', 7 mi S Little Lake, 17 June 1969 (RRS, #69-227; LACM). San Bernardino Co.: "Barstow Fossil Beds" (ex J. F. Watkins, pers. comm.); 4 mi NW Adelanto, 18 Sept. 1978 (RRS & CDG, #78?87;
LACM).

      DISCUSSION. This is a very poorly known ant. The synonymous form N. peninsulare was described from a few workers taken under a stone. Watkins (1971) also reported finding it under a stone in Texas and "...observed a few workers...in a weak nocturnal raiding column of N. opacithorax..." Our specimens from 9?mile Canyon were found in soft sand at a depth of about 45 cm. This was in Sagebrush Desert with some intermixed Larrea. This ant has also been collected from Creosote Bush Scrub-Joshua Tree Woodland. In the chaparral biome of Deep Canyon, Wheeler and Wheeler (1973) found a nest under a slightly buried stone.
      Specimen #78?87 is a worker head capsule found in nest debris of Pheidole barbata.
      The female and male forms are unknown; either N. minus or N. mojave may be the male form.
      ASSOCIATED ARTHROPODS. Mann (1924) described the staphylinid beetle Pulicomorpha coecum from specimens collected with a colony of N. leonardi (as Eciton peninsularis Mann) in Baja California Sur, Mexico.

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