26 genera and 99 species of ants occur in the Mojave and Colorado Deserts of California. Keys for subfamilies, genera and species are provided, often for all castes and subcastes.
The keys are supplemented by pertinent illustrations.
     Two species, Cardiocondyla ectopia and Paratrechinan longicornis, are clearly adventive, and a third, Dorymyrmex flavus, probably is also. The majority (64%) of the native species, may be considered true hot desert ants. Most (53%) are clearly of Sonoran affinities. The remainder are related to Great Basin Sagebrush Desert or California Chaparral groups.
     Each species is briefly discussed and all verified locality records are shown on maps. Specific collection data are given only if the number of records is small. Such general and specific ecological data as have been available are included and discussed. We have attempted to deduce some general ecological patterns relative to the ants of our area.

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